Investor Relations (IR) is a strategic management function within public companies focused on managing communication between the company and its investors, shareholders, financial analysts, and the broader financial community. The primary goal of IR is to provide accurate, transparent, and timely information about a company’s financial health, strategy, and performance, thereby supporting fair valuation of the company’s securities and maintaining investor confidence[1][2]. Historically, IR has existed as long as companies have been publicly traded, but it took on heightened importance following the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 in the United States. This legislation introduced stricter reporting and transparency requirements in response to corporate scandals, significantly shaping modern IR practices[4][6]. Today, IR integrates finance, communications, marketing, and securities law compliance, acting as a bridge between a company’s management and the financial markets[2][6]. Key achievements of effective IR include stabilizing a company’s stock price, attracting new investors, facilitating capital access, and enhancing corporate reputation. IR teams work proactively beyond quarterly reporting by maintaining ongoing dialogue with investors to keep them informed about company developments, strategic initiatives, and market positioning[1][5]. This proactive engagement is crucial as companies compete for investor attention and must manage market expectations amid growth or crises[5][7]. Currently, the role of Investor Relations Officers (IROs) has evolved to encompass strategic relationship-building, sustainability communication, and navigating new market dynamics such as activist investing and ESG (environmental, social, and governance) considerations. Modern IR is essential for supporting mergers, acquisitions, IPOs, and other corporate actions, ensuring compliance and transparency throughout[6][8]. Notably, IR differs from general public relations in its legal and regulatory rigor and its focus on financial markets. It is a critical function that directly influences corporate value creation by shaping investor perceptions and enabling informed investment decisions[4][7][9]. For readers interested in business and technology, understanding IR offers insight into ho